Intended for experimental study, physics laboratory, chemistry laboratory, conducting physics experiments and conducting chemistry experiments on: Fluid mechanics. Properties and transformation of matter. The surface tension coefficient of a liquid. The size of the free surface of a liquid. Surface tension, a property of the liquid surface. Surface tension of a liquid, elastic membrane. The surface tension of some liquids. Isothermal transformation and Boyle-Mariotte's law. Boyle, Robert. Mariotte, Edme. Isobaric transformation, Charles's law. Behavior of gases. The relationship between the volume and temperature of a mass of gas. The meaning of the slope of the volume versus temperature graph. Fluid dynamics covering: Stevin's principle, manometers, gauge pressure, differential pressure, fluid velocity through small orifices, volumetric flow rate, flow rate in branched ducts, incompressible fluids, types of flow regimes, Reynolds number, laminar flow, hydraulics, hydrodynamics, hydraulic piping systems, friction factor, total head loss, distributed head loss, localized head losses, equivalent pipe length, enlargements and constrictions, Bernoulli's equation, energy equation, total head of a hydraulic pump, variable flow rate, pump characteristic curve, series pump connections, parallel pump connections, cavitation in pumps, siphon, series and parallel piping systems, energy line, piezometric line. Hydraulic transient due to electrical failure in a pumping system. Theoretical determination of maximum and minimum pressure values. Determination of experimental values of maximum and minimum pressure values. Comparing theoretical results with experimental results. Hydraulic transient protection device due to electrical failure in a pumping system, unidirectional reservoir. Hydraulic transient due to valve closure in gravity-fed supply, recognizing overpressure, underpressure, static pressure and dynamic pressure in a graph, head loss from measured pressure values, calculation of celerity, maximum pressure and minimum pressure, pressure versus time graph of the hydraulic transient with a protection system, comparing pressure peaks and the number of oscillations.
Physics. Chemistry. Engineering. Fluid mechanics. Gas studies. Hydrodynamics. Hydraulics.